The armed peasant struggle in Telangana is an ideal for today's youth

The armed peasant struggle in Telangana is an ideal for today's youth

The struggle waged by the ‘Telangana farmers’ became famous not only in India but all over the world. It became known as the Telangana Armed Struggle and became the first independent movement in the history of the country's communist movement. Although the movements in other states were the inspiration for the armed struggle ... the movement was tenfold to them. It is a response from the people to sing the death knell for social evils like labor exploitation and slash-and-burn. The global movement in this context

 A comprehensive analysis of the reasons that led to the armed struggle in Telangana, which is a special chapter in history ....

 

 International recognition

 Many types of armed peasant struggles have arisen in different parts of India for different reasons. Of these, the armed struggle in the Telangana region of the State of Hyderabad between 1946-51 was the most important. Wilfred Cantwell Smith of Canada wrote The Meaning and End of Religions in 1962. In that text he mentions the armed struggle, noting that nowhere else in Asia has there been such a large movement after China. Many songs and poems related to the armed struggle have appeared in Russian, Polish and Spanish. This underscores the international recognition of the armed struggle.

 

 Armed struggle- Causes

 Nizam Government Activities: Asaf Zaheer established the kingdom in 1724 in the Deccan with Hyderabad as its center. During this period a large number of Muslims migrated to the Deccan Kingdom from other states. All of them were local weaker sections and Dalits were integrated through conversions. This increased the Turkish population from 10 percent in 1901 to 14 percent in 1948. The freedom of speech, assembly and press of the Telugu people in the Kingdom of Hyderabad was curtailed through 'Gasti Nishan-53'. People have no political rights. In 1928, a girls' school in Narayanaguda (Hyderabad) was not allowed to teach in Telugu. The school was approved by the Women's University of Poona. During this period many towns in Telangana were renamed.

 

 Original name Current name

 Indure Nizamabad

 Manukota Mahabubabad

 Palamur Mahabubnagar

 Elagandula Karimnagar

 Veerapattanam Ibrahimpatnam

 

 The spread of socialist ideology

 The spread of socialist ideology also served as a fuel towards armed struggle. Jaya Prakash Narayan, Yusuf Mehroli, Achuth Patwarthan, Ashok Mehta, NM Joshi, ND Gore and others wanted to form the Congress Socialist Party. They were supported by celebrities like Acharya Narendradev, Ramanohar Lohia, Purushottam Das and Kamaladevi Chattopadhyaya. They all met on May 17, 1934 in Patna under the chairmanship of Acharya Narendradev and announced the formation of the party. Giving priority to agrarian, labor and welfare schemes Acquisition of zamindar lands,

 

  Their main aims were colonies, the abolition of monarchies, and debt relief for the poor. In addition to the influence of the Socialists, other events in the country at the same time affected the Congress party. As a result, Subhash Chandra Bose first gave priority to farmer issues at the Haripura Congress meeting in 1938. During the Quit India movement, JP Hazaribagh escaped from prison and formed the 'Azad Dasta' with Lohia and Patwardhan. They fought the British in a guerrilla manner. No matter how intense the socialist movements were, there were no major bloodbaths.

 

 Social evils in Telangana

 Rural occupations ... laundry, pottery, small farmers, traders, dalits were subjected to vettichakiri. There were situations where swearing and beatings would be eaten if not cut. Many are detained and even hacked. Each family cut in quarters. Deshmukh ‘Visunuri’ Ramachandra Rao of Janagam taluka in Nalgonda district at that time was boundless for his evil deeds. Puchalapally Sundarayya wrote extensively in his book about Visunuri anarchy. Vattikota Alvaruswamy's novel 'People's Man' details the plight of farmers and tenants and the plight of Vettichakiri. It is known as the first novel in Telangana.

 

 Naguvaddi policy

 The landlords and nobles of Telangana were engaged in usury. In the Nizam's kingdom the business of usury was called 'nagu'. If you borrow a basta grain you have to pay 11/2 basta per month. If you take a loan of Rs.100, you have to give ‘basta’ grain along with the original as interest. Gujjala Virareddy's book 'Telangana Armed Combat Hero Dodda Narsayya' is about the exploitation of landlords, patriots and Patwaris.

 

 Feudal system

 There were mainly three types of lands during the Nizam period. They are ...

 1.Surfekhas: 10 per cent of the lands in the kingdom. The Nizam used these lands for his own expenses.

 2. Jagirdar lands: 30 per cent of the lands in the Nizam's kingdom. These were owned by the employees.

 3.Diwani or Khalsa: 60% of the land. Were in the hands of the Zamindars, Muktedars and Fatehdars.

 In the Nizam's kingdom taxes were levied in 1/2 part and 2/3 parts.

 

 Bagila system

 With the Nizam policies the poor people became completely indebted. Their lives deteriorated to the point where they could not repay the debt. As a result, landlords worked with poor people for the rest of their lives. This is called the bagila system.

 

 Levy grain (1943)

 During the Second World War there was a food shortage in the Nizam's kingdom. The Nizam king issued several decrees for the collection of food grains did. Farmers had to hand over the grain at nearby warehouses at a price fixed by the government. The farmers were severely affected. The Enamel Granary in Warangal district has been famous ever since. Farmers were also deceived in the matter of weights in the granaries. The landlords would write down the thefts and reduce the ‘levy’. In 1945, Janagam villagers confronted Revenue and police personnel who went to collect levy grain. This was severely suppressed by Revenue and police personnel. During this time many atrocities were committed against women. The incident is a testament to government torture. Along with the actions of the Nizam, Visunuri Zamindar Ramachandra Reddy, there was a great outcry among the people over the misdeeds of the patriots.

 

 Andhra Mahasabhas

 The first meeting of the Andhra Jana Sangh, formed in 1921, was held on February 14, 1922. It was at this meeting that the name of the Andhra Jana Sangh was changed to the Nizam State Andhra Jana Sangh. It was transformed into the Andhra Mahasabha by 1930. Its first meeting was held at Jogipeta in Medak district under the chairmanship of Suravaram Pratapareddy. Later in 1944, the Andhra Mahasabha was held in Bhubaneswar under the auspices of Ravi Narayana Reddy. In this order the communists were strengthened in the districts. These branches were formed in Warangal and Nalgonda districts. These branches were called associations.

 

 Establishment of a political school

 Ravi Narayana Reddy, Baddam Ellareddy and Hanumayya were trained in NG Ranga Communist ideology in Kankipada, Krishna district. During this period a Telangana farmer and political school was established in Karimnagar district Jagityas. Puchalapally Sundarayya and Chandra Rajeshwara Rao guided Alvarswami and Devulapalli Venkateswara Rao in this.

 

 Lands owned by Telangana landlords

 Jannareddy Pratapareddy (Suryapeta) Nalgonda:

 1.5 lakh acres

 Kalluru Deshmukh (Madhira) Khammam: One lakh acres

 Laxettipeta Deshmukhras: 50 thousand acres

 Visunur Deshmukh (People) Warangal:

 40 thousand acres

 

 State of Hyderabad

 Area: 83,0413 sq mi

 State population: 1,87,00,000

 Hindus: 88 percent (approximately)

 Muslims: 12 percent (approximately)

     By 1931 the Hindu population was 84 per cent

 Fell.

 Total Districts in the State of Hyderabad: 16

 

 Telangana

   1. Nalgonda; 2. Warangal; 3. Karimnagar (Elagandula); 4. Adilabad; 5. Medak (Methukusima);

 6. Mahabubnagar (Palamur); 7. Nizamabad (Indore); 8. Atrapupalda (Rangareddy)

 There are no districts of Hyderabad and Secunderabad

 

 Maharashtra (Marathwada)

 1. Nanded; 2. Aurangabad;

 3. Usmanabad; 4. Parbhani; 5. Bead.

 

 Karnataka

 1. Gulbarga; 2. Bidar; 3. Raichur

Right wing forces are trying to demolish the history,even they were not part of it.

The moment lead by the communists

will be the inspiration to the student community.

SFI-KAKATIYA UNIVERSITY